Malay Basin, an intracratonic basin, is a northwest trending elongate basin located in the north-eastern part of peninsular Malaysia. It is composed of complex half grabens structure that filled with sediments that are Tertiary to recent in age. The stratigraphy of Malay Basin is divided accordingly based on seismic markers and well log readings that are confined by unconformities and sequence boundary. It was labeled from Group A to Group M from younger to older strata. These sediments are mostly lacustrine shales, coal and continental siliciclastics. The basin has undergone three major tectonic events that give rise to the current structure in the basin; 1) Extension during Late Cretaceous to Early Miocene, 2) Thermal subsidence during Early Miocene to Middle Miocene, and 3) Compression during Late Miocene to Pliocene. Half grabens structure across the basin area was formed by the extension during Late Cretaceous to Early Miocene. Fluvio-deltaic and lacustrine sediment from Group M, L and K that are Oligocene to Miocene in age are recognized as the source rock for the petroleum system in this basin. The main reservoir zone is in the Group K to Group D sediments that are mostly from fluvial origin was deposited during the thermal subsidence event that occurs during Lower Miocene to Middle Miocene. The compression that occur during middle Miocene to Pliocene reactivated the normal fault along the half grabens structure and gave rise to domal anticlinal features, which is the main type of hydrocarbon trap in Malay Basin. The widespread regional shale that occurs in Malay Basin reacts as the seal rock. All these petroleum system elements are well-preserved and are correctly placed in time and space in the Malay Basin and provide a suitable condition for hydrocarbon accumulation and production.
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